Among all membranes, polymer hollow fiber membranes play an important role in the application of many industries. The hollow fiber membrane (FIG. 1) is a thin structure with a porous structure. They can separate various substances based on their size and chemical properties, making them ideal for filtration applications. It is generally accepted that their most important application is environmental protection, i.e. the treatment of municipal and industrial wastewater.
In wastewater treatment, we usually use polypropylene (PP) membrane first, followed by polysulfone (PSf) membrane. In seawater desalination, 2, 5-cellulose acetate membrane on ceramic membrane is used. Seawater treatment and desalination are widely used in water-poor Arab countries and countries in the Mediterranean Basin. Membranes are used to recover valuable compounds from industrial wastewater and in the pharmaceutical industry to separate and purify medical drugs. Hollow fiber membranes are also very useful in biotechnology, medicine and other applications as they are widely used in blood purification to remove toxins through processes such as dialysis. In blood purification and dialysis, membranes made of cellulose acetate (CA), regenerated cellulose (cuprophan), and PSf are used. In medicine, the most commonly used membranes are PP, PSf and polyether sulfone (PES). In addition, they are expected to be materials for bioartificial liver structures, islet transplantation or culture of various cell types. Before application, the membrane is put into the appropriate module and then used in a dialyzer or bioreactor.